Joshua | Center for Mind & Cognition

Extinction context is learned by pigeons, not given by the environment

18825267 {18825267:9N73ZRPX} 1 apa 50 default 6053 https://philosophy-cognition.com/cmc/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/

%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%229N73ZRPX%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A18825267%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Peschken%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-05-24%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BPeschken%2C%20J.%2C%20Hahn%2C%20L.%20A.%2C%20Pusch%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Rose%2C%20J.%20%282025%29.%20Extinction%20context%20is%20learned%20by%20pigeons%2C%20not%20given%20by%20the%20environment.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BCommunications%20Psychology%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B3%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%281%29%2C%2083.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs44271-025-00261-2%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs44271-025-00261-2%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Extinction%20context%20is%20learned%20by%20pigeons%2C%20not%20given%20by%20the%20environment%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Juan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peschken%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lukas%20Alexander%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hahn%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roland%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pusch%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jonas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rose%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20saying%20%5Cu201ccontext%20is%20everything%5Cu201d%20underscores%20the%20importance%20of%20interpreting%20things%2C%20be%20they%20quotes%2C%20events%2C%20actions%2C%20or%20stimuli%2C%20not%20in%20isolation%20but%20in%20the%20light%20of%20a%20bigger%20picture%20-%20their%20context.%20This%20is%20evident%20even%20in%20fundamental%20forms%20of%20learning%20such%20as%20extinction%20learning%20where%2C%20in%20contextual%20renewal%2C%20an%20extinguished%20response%20reoccurs%20if%20the%20context%20is%20changed.%20But%20what%20exactly%20is%20context%3F%20Is%20context%20given%20by%20stimuli%20with%20inherent%20properties%20making%20them%20context%20or%2C%20what%20are%20the%20circumstances%20that%20allow%20a%20stimulus%20to%20become%20%5Cu201ccontextual%5Cu201d%3F%20Even%20though%20the%20answer%20may%20seem%20intuitively%20trivial%2C%20the%20literature%20only%20provides%20competing%20and%20vague%20definitions.%20Using%20a%20modified%20ABA%20paradigm%2C%20we%20assessed%20how%20competing%20stimuli%20induced%20contextual%20renewal%20during%20extinction%20learning%20in%20seven%20pigeons%20%28%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Columba%20livia%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%29.%20Furthermore%2C%20we%20controlled%20the%20timing%20of%20these%20stimuli%20and%20found%20it%20to%20be%20crucial%3B%20with%20the%20right%20contiguity%2C%20even%20small%20local%20stimuli%20resulted%20in%20the%20strongest%20contextual%20renewal.%20This%20result%20challenges%20definitions%20of%20context%20as%20%5Cu2018a%20backdrop%20where%20learning%20occurs%5Cu2019.%20Instead%2C%20we%20propose%20that%20context%20can%20be%20understood%20mechanistically%20as%20a%20learned%20stimulus%20property.%20Therefore%2C%20context%20truly%20is%20everything%20and%20anything.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-05-24%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs44271-025-00261-2%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs44271-025-00261-2%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222731-9121%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222ADRQ6UB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-11-12T13%3A04%3A05Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D

Peschken, J., Hahn, L. A., Pusch, R., & Rose, J. (2025). Extinction context is learned by pigeons, not given by the environment. Communications Psychology, 3(1), 83. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-025-00261-2

The multidimensional profile methodology (MPM) for comparative cognition: towards a universal strategy of understanding animal minds

18825267 {18825267:NUKXXC82} 1 apa 50 default 6051 https://philosophy-cognition.com/cmc/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/

%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%22NUKXXC82%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A18825267%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Dung%20and%20Newen%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-06-24%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BDung%2C%20L.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Newen%2C%20A.%20%282025%29.%20The%20multidimensional%20profile%20methodology%20%28MPM%29%20for%20comparative%20cognition%3A%20towards%20a%20universal%20strategy%20of%20understanding%20animal%20minds.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BPhilosophical%20Studies%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs11098-025-02363-3%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs11098-025-02363-3%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20multidimensional%20profile%20methodology%20%28MPM%29%20for%20comparative%20cognition%3A%20towards%20a%20universal%20strategy%20of%20understanding%20animal%20minds%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Leonard%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dung%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Albert%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Newen%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20How%20can%20we%20develop%20an%20adequate%20scientific%20understanding%20of%20the%20minds%20of%20nonhuman%20animals%3F%20We%20argue%20for%20a%20methodology%20based%20on%20multi-dimensional%20profile%20accounts.%20Such%20accounts%20are%20already%20used%20for%20the%20comparative%20study%20of%20norm%20cognition%2C%20consciousness%2C%20empathy%20and%20causal%20cognition%2C%20among%20others.%20This%20methodology%20demands%20that%20a%20cognitive%20capacity%20is%20characterized%20by%20a%20set%20of%20independent%20dimensions%20where%20each%20dimension%20is%20connected%20to%20operationalizable%20empirical%20indicators.%20Based%20on%20the%20level%20of%20realization%20for%20each%20indicator%20the%20level%20of%20implementation%20of%20a%20dimension%20is%20determined%20for%20a%20species%2C%20resulting%20in%20a%20multi-dimensional%20profile%20for%20each%20species.%20We%20analyze%20what%20this%20methodology%20is%20committed%20to.%20Then%2C%20we%20argue%20that%20this%20methodology%20has%20several%20benefits%20over%20competing%20unidimensional%20methodologies%2C%20by%20overcoming%20intractable%20disagreements%2C%20capturing%20the%20evolutionary%20continuity%20of%20cognition%2C%20alleviating%20anthropocentrism%2C%20and%20delivering%20more%20informative%20accounts%20of%20animal%20cognition.%20By%20demonstrating%20how%20this%20multidimensional%20methodology%20can%20be%20fruitfully%20combined%20with%20a%20methodology%20which%20focuses%20on%20the%20search%20for%20natural%20kinds%20in%20comparative%20cognition%2C%20we%20address%20the%20most%20important%20objection%20to%20the%20multidimensional%20profile%20methodology.%20We%20conclude%20that%20multidimensional%20profile%20accounts%20of%20all%20complex%20cognitive%20capacities%20should%20be%20developed%20and%20then%20used%20to%20facilitate%20scientific%20understanding%20of%20animal%20minds.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-06-24%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1007%5C%2Fs11098-025-02363-3%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flink.springer.com%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs11098-025-02363-3%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220031-8116%2C%201573-0883%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222ADRQ6UB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-11-12T13%3A04%3A16Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D

Dung, L., & Newen, A. (2025). The multidimensional profile methodology (MPM) for comparative cognition: towards a universal strategy of understanding animal minds. Philosophical Studies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-025-02363-3

Movie-watching evokes ripple-like activity within events and at event boundaries

18825267 {18825267:MNHITNJ8} 1 apa 50 default 6049 https://philosophy-cognition.com/cmc/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/

Silva, M., Wu, X., Sabio, M., Conde-Blanco, E., Roldán, P., Donaire, A., Carreño, M., Axmacher, N., Baldassano, C., & Fuentemilla, L. (2025). Movie-watching evokes ripple-like activity within events and at event boundaries. Nature Communications, 16(1), 5647. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60788-0

Neurite density but not myelination of specific fiber tracts links polygenic scores to general intelligence

18825267 {18825267:HEZKSS8T} 1 apa 50 default 6047 https://philosophy-cognition.com/cmc/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/

%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%22HEZKSS8T%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A18825267%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Stammen%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-07-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BStammen%2C%20C.%2C%20Penate%2C%20J.%20S.%2C%20Metzen%2C%20D.%2C%20H%26%23xF6%3Bnscher%2C%20M.%20J.%2C%20Fraenz%2C%20C.%2C%20Schl%26%23xFC%3Bter%2C%20C.%2C%20G%26%23xFC%3Bnt%26%23xFC%3Brk%26%23xFC%3Bn%2C%20O.%2C%20Kumsta%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Gen%26%23xE7%3B%2C%20E.%20%282025%29.%20Neurite%20density%20but%20not%20myelination%20of%20specific%20fiber%20tracts%20links%20polygenic%20scores%20to%20general%20intelligence.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BCerebral%20Cortex%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B35%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%287%29%2C%20bhaf199.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Fbhaf199%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Fbhaf199%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Neurite%20density%20but%20not%20myelination%20of%20specific%20fiber%20tracts%20links%20polygenic%20scores%20to%20general%20intelligence%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stammen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Javier%20Schneider%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Penate%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dorothea%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Metzen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Maurice%20J%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22H%5Cu00f6nscher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christoph%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fraenz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Caroline%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schl%5Cu00fcter%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Onur%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22G%5Cu00fcnt%5Cu00fcrk%5Cu00fcn%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Robert%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kumsta%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Erhan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gen%5Cu00e7%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20White%20matter%20is%20fundamental%20for%20efficient%20information%20transfer%20and%20thus%20crucial%20for%20intelligence.%20Previous%20studies%20demonstrated%20associations%20between%20fractional%20anisotropy%20and%20intelligence%2C%20but%20it%20remains%20unclear%20whether%20this%20relation%20is%20due%20to%20greater%20axon%20density%2C%20parallel%2C%20homogenous%20fiber%20orientation%20distributions%2C%20or%20greater%20myelination%2C%20as%20all%20influence%20fractional%20anisotropy.%20Using%20neurite%20orientation%20dispersion%20and%20density%20imaging%20and%20myelin%20water%20fraction%20imaging%2C%20we%20analyzed%20the%20microstructural%20architecture%20of%20intelligence%20in%20500%20healthy%20young%20adults.%20We%20were%20also%20interested%20whether%20specific%20white%20matter%20indices%20mediate%20the%20pathway%20linking%20genetic%20disposition%20for%20intelligence%20to%20phenotype.%20For%20the%20first%20time%2C%20we%20conducted%20mediation%20analyses%20investigating%20whether%20neurite%20density%20index%2C%20orientation%20dispersion%20index%2C%20and%20myelin%20water%20fraction%20of%2064%20white%20matter%20tracts%20mediate%20the%20effects%20of%20polygenic%20scores%20for%20intelligence%20on%20general%20intelligence%20%28g%29.%20Our%20results%20showed%20that%20neurite%20density%20index%2C%20but%20not%20orientation%20dispersion%20index%20or%20myelin%20water%20fraction%20of%20white%20matter%20tracts%2C%20was%20significantly%20associated%20with%20g%20and%20that%20neurite%20density%20index%20of%20six%20fiber%20tracts%20mediated%20the%20relation%20between%20genetic%20variability%20and%20g.%20These%20findings%20are%20a%20crucial%20step%20toward%20decoding%20the%20neurogenetic%20underpinnings%20of%20general%20intelligence%2C%20as%20they%20identify%20that%20neurite%20density%20of%20specific%20fiber%20tracts%20relates%20polygenic%20variation%20to%20g%2C%20whereas%20orientation%20dispersion%20and%20myelination%20did%20not.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-07-01%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1093%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Fbhaf199%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Facademic.oup.com%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Fbhaf199%5C%2F8216885%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221047-3211%2C%201460-2199%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222ADRQ6UB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-11-12T13%3A04%3A09Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D

Stammen, C., Penate, J. S., Metzen, D., Hönscher, M. J., Fraenz, C., Schlüter, C., Güntürkün, O., Kumsta, R., & Genç, E. (2025). Neurite density but not myelination of specific fiber tracts links polygenic scores to general intelligence. Cerebral Cortex, 35(7), bhaf199. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf199

Regional prefrontal and hippocampal differences in gray matter volume are linked to the propensity for renewal in extinction learning

18825267 {18825267:IKXUVIP3} 1 apa 50 default 6045 https://philosophy-cognition.com/cmc/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/

%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%22IKXUVIP3%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A18825267%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Lissek%20and%20Tegenthoff%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-07-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BLissek%2C%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Tegenthoff%2C%20M.%20%282025%29.%20Regional%20prefrontal%20and%20hippocampal%20differences%20in%20gray%20matter%20volume%20are%20linked%20to%20the%20propensity%20for%20renewal%20in%20extinction%20learning.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BFrontiers%20in%20Behavioral%20Neuroscience%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B19%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%201592929.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffnbeh.2025.1592929%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffnbeh.2025.1592929%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Regional%20prefrontal%20and%20hippocampal%20differences%20in%20gray%20matter%20volume%20are%20linked%20to%20the%20propensity%20for%20renewal%20in%20extinction%20learning%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Silke%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lissek%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Martin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tegenthoff%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Introduction%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20renewal%20effect%20of%20extinction%20describes%20the%20reoccurrence%20of%20an%20extinguished%20response%20if%20recall%20is%20performed%20in%20a%20context%20that%20is%20not%20the%20same%20as%20the%20extinction%20context.%20This%20learning%20phenomenon%20is%20clinically%20relevant%2C%20since%20it%20potentially%20interferes%20with%20therapy%20success%20for%20anxiety%20disorders%20or%20phobias.%20The%20propensity%20to%20show%20the%20renewal%20effect%20appears%20to%20be%20a%20stable%20processing%20strategy%20in%20context-related%20extinction%2C%20associated%20with%20higher%20BOLD%20activation%20in%20hippocampus%2C%20ventromedial%20PFC%20%28vmPFC%29%20and%20inferior%20frontal%20gyrus%20%28IFG%29%20in%20individuals%20who%20show%20renewal%20%28REN%29%20compared%20to%20those%20who%20do%20not%20%28NoREN%29.%20However%2C%20evidence%20on%20a%20potential%20relationship%20between%20structural%20properties%20such%20as%20gray%20matter%20volume%20%28GMV%29%20in%20these%20regions%20and%20the%20propensity%20to%20show%20renewal%20is%20lacking.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Methods%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20In%20this%20study%2C%20we%20applied%20voxel-based%20morphometry%20%28VBM%29%20to%20investigate%20whether%20individuals%20with%20and%20without%20a%20propensity%20for%20renewal%20differ%20regarding%20their%20GMV%20in%20extinction-related%20brain%20regions%2C%20and%20whether%20such%20a%20difference%20is%20linked%20to%20the%20renewal%20level.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Results%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Results%20revealed%20differential%20GMV%20in%20REN%20and%20NoREN%20in%20adjacent%20subregions%20of%20IFG%20and%20vmPFC%2C%20respectively.%20Higher%20GMV%20in%20REN%20was%20located%20predominantly%20in%20orbital%20IFG%20and%20in%20BA10%20of%20vmPFC.%20Higher%20GMV%20in%20NoREN%20was%20located%20predominantly%20in%20triangular%20IFG%20and%20in%20BA%2011%20of%20vmPFC.%20In%20bilateral%20anterior%20cingulate%20cortex%20%28ACC%29%20and%20anterior%20hippocampus%2C%20GMV%20was%20overall%20higher%20in%20NoREN.%20In%20the%20complete%20sample%2C%20higher%20GMV%20in%20IFG%20BA%2047%2C%20vmPFC%20BA11%2C%20bilateral%20ACC%20and%20bilateral%20anterior%20hippocampus%20was%20associated%20with%20less%20renewal%2C%20and%20partially%20with%20a%20higher%20error%20level%20in%20extinction%20learning%20in%20a%20novel%20context.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Discussion%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20findings%20suggest%20that%20higher%20GMV%20in%20several%20regions%20active%20during%20extinction%20learning%20may%20support%20a%20more%20thorough%20processing%20of%20extinction%20trials%20which%20in%20turn%20could%20be%20conducive%20to%20an%20extinction%20recall%20solely%20based%20on%20recent%20extinction%20memory%2C%20disregarding%20context%20information.%20In%20summary%2C%20this%20study%20provides%20first-time%20evidence%20for%20a%20relationship%20of%20GMV%20in%20of%20extinction-%20and%20renewal-relevant%20brain%20regions%20with%20behavioral%20performance%20during%20extinction%20learning%20and%20the%20propensity%20to%20show%20the%20renewal%20effect.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-7-3%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3389%5C%2Ffnbeh.2025.1592929%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.frontiersin.org%5C%2Farticles%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffnbeh.2025.1592929%5C%2Ffull%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221662-5153%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222ADRQ6UB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-11-12T13%3A04%3A15Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D

Lissek, S., & Tegenthoff, M. (2025). Regional prefrontal and hippocampal differences in gray matter volume are linked to the propensity for renewal in extinction learning. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 19, 1592929. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1592929

« Older Entries

Next Entries »